Local History Lecture Series
Check out these lectures on the history of Carmel, Big Sur and more. Hear stories of artists, authors, newspapermen, horseback librarians and much more.
Lectures are organized chronologically.
Watch the newest video:
2024
Carmel’s Leading Man: Herbert Heron and the Forest Theater
Actor Taelen Thomas and Professor Susan Shillinglaw, December 4, 2024
Join actor Taelen Thomas and Professor Susan Shillinglaw for a deep dive into the life of Shakespearean-trained actor Herbert “Bert” Heron, who oversaw the construction of the Forest Theater in 1910 and established the Carmel theater scene. This program will feature dramatic readings from Heron’s letters.
Don’t Worry, Your Orchestra is Here: How Dene Denny and Hazel Watrous Brought Music to Carmel with
David Gordon, November 13, 2024
Discover the lives of two extraordinary musical visionaries, the Carmel women who inspired David Gordon’s historical book Carmel Impresarios: A Cultural Biography of Dene Denny and Hazel Watrous.
Jane Gallatin Powers: How the Women Artists of Early Carmel Shaped its Destiny
Erin Lee Gafill, October 23, 2024
While the Bohemians in Carmel were writing poetry and plays, a group of dedicated painters, mostly women, were building a sustainable arts community. Jane Gallatin Powers was a European-trained artist, mother of four, and wife to Frank Powers, co-founder of the Carmel Development Company. Through her social connections, advocacy for the arts, and dedication to painting as a vehicle for her own self-expression, Powers played a key role in shaping the Carmel we know today. She established Carmel’s first art studio and co-founded the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club in 1905. The women of the club were talented, ambitious, and community-minded. They taught, raised funds, and promoted an inclusive array of fine arts and crafts. They were also instrumental in luring the illustrious artist William Merritt Chase to Carmel, launching the nascent art colony onto the world stage.
Join Erin Lee Gafill, artist and author of the new biography, Jane Gallatin Powers, a California Modernist, as she discusses the legacy of her great-great grandmother, Jane Gallatin Powers, and the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club.
Carmel’s True Beginnings: The Vision of James Franklin Devendorf
Jack Galante, September 25, 2024
The founding of Carmel-by-the-Sea is a story of vision, perseverance, and a deep appreciation for the natural world and the arts. James Franklin Devendorf, along with his partner Frank H. Powers, played a pivotal role in shaping the community into the unique and beloved town it is today. Through their efforts, they created a haven for artists and nature lovers, a place where the built environment exists in harmony with the natural landscape.
Join Jack Galante, founder of Galante Vineyards and great-grandson of James Devendorf, as he explores what brought Devendorf to Carmel and the connection he formed with the community.
Jaime de Angulo: The Old Coyote of Big Sur
Mary Kerr and Andrew Schelling, June 20, 2024
Join us in exploring the literary and cultural legacy of Jaime de Angulo, “The Old Coyote of Big Sur.” De Angulo was one the most interesting and unusual early students of American Indian languages. Born in Paris of Spanish parents, he came to the United States in 1906, at the age of eighteen. After a period as a cowboy in Colorado, a prison gang foreman in Honduras, and then as a medical student and researcher in genetics, he found his true work in the study of language. De Angulo lived on a ranch in Big Sur from 1915 to 1950, and was friend and colleague to authors and scholars such as Henry Miller, Robinson Jeffers, Mary Austin, Carl Jung, D. H. Lawrence, and many others.
Mary Kerr, a friend of Jaime de Angulo’s daughter Gui, has republished a new edition of The Old Coyote of Big Sur. Andrew Schelling is the author of Tracks Along the Left Coast: Jaime de Angulo & Pacific Coast Culture.
Sue McCloud & the CIA: A talk with Carmel’s former Mayor
Sue McCloud, February 22, 2024
Join Sue as she shares memories of her 30 years in the CIA, including sneaking into foreign embassies and her involvement in Operation Argo.
Sue grew up in Carmel in the 1940s and 1950s. She received her BA in political science from Stanford University and in 1963 she joined the CIA and spent the next 30 years working with the agency. After the Cold War, Sue returned home to Carmel, where she served as mayor 2000-2012.
2023
The Bruton Sisters: Modernism in the Making
Wendy Good, September 13, 2023
Margaret, Esther, and Helen Bruton, sisters and distinguished artists in the unique era of the 1920’s-1960’s, were known for their various mediums and modern artistic methods. Their work, recently on exhibit at the Monterey Museum of Art, depicts their creativity and innovation, which later impacted future artists.
Join Wendy Van Wyck Good, a Bruton scholar, author, archivist, and former librarian at the Carmel Public Library, as she leads the discussion on the “three amazing sisters’” influence on California art, design, and architecture, and their ties to both Carmel and the Central Coast.
The Old Pacific Capital: through the words of Robert Louis Stevenson
Keith Decker, January 11, 2023
Robert Louis Stevenson (1850-1894) was a novelist, poet, short-story writer, and essayist. In 1883, while bedridden with tuberculosis, he wrote what would become one of the best known and most beloved collections of children’s poetry in the English language, A Child’s Garden of Verses. Block City is taken from that collection. Stevenson is also the author of such classics as Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde.
Join Stevenson devotee and classically trained actor, Keith Decker for THE OLD PACIFIC CAPITAL Visions of Monterey, Pacific Grove, Carmel Valley, and Carmel Mission as seen through the words of Robert Louis Stevenson.
2022
Bohemian Soul: A Carmel Documentary *World Premiere*
October 26, 2022
In 1906 Carmel, California; a group of Bohemian artists created a revolutionary colony based on the ideals of truth, freedom and love. Their commitment to ‘Art as Life’ continues as a major influence to artists and thinkers around the world today. Discover the gifts of artists past and present on the Central Coast through this intimate film “Bohemian Soul.”
Architect M.J. Murphy, Carmel’s First and Foremost Builder
Kent Seavey, February 16, 2022
From 1901 to 1941 Murphy and his contracting company was the “go to” for good building design and the materials to construct them. He helped frame the village’s commercial and residential eclectic character, and for 17 years, the company he founded in 1904 continues to supply building material needs for the Monterey Peninsula community.
Join local architectural historian, Kent Seavey for an overview of Murphy’s contribution to the aesthetics and material support of our community.
2021
Henry Miller: Provocateur and Liberating Literary Influence
Magnus Toren, December 15, 2021
Henry Miller is an American writer and artist whose unique, semi-autobiographical style blended a raw, unapologetic perspective of human nature accompanied by philosophical reflection, and the frequent use of sexual and explicit language, often in a surreal stream of consciousness.
This talk will focus on Henry Miller and his impact on the American literary history as well as his impact locally. Join Magnus Toren, Executive Director of the Henry Miller Library in Big Sur, CA for an unforgettable evening about one of our local legends.
“The Gilded Edge: Two Audacious Women and the Cyanide Love Triangle That Shook America”
Professor Catherine Prendergast, October 13, 2021
Join author Catherine Prendergast for the true story of two women, Nora May French and Carrie Sterling of Carmel-by-the-Sea—a wife and a poet who learn the high price of sexual and artistic freedom in a vivid depiction of the debauchery of the late Gilded Age.
Catherine Prendergast is a Professor of English at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, a Guggenheim Fellow, and a Fulbright Scholar.
INTO THE DEEP: THE SECRET LIVES OF FISHES OFF CARMEL’S STORIED COASTLINE
James Lindholm, Ph.D, September 22, 2021
Thousands of people visit Carmel’s coastline every year, but very few know of the wonder that lies beyond the waves. Join James Lindholm, Ph.D. Distinguished Professor of Marine Science & Policy & Chair, Department of Marine Science California State University Monterey Bay, and immerse yourself in the ‘living laboratory’ that is the Carmel Bay.
Birds, Bees and Bob Dylan: History of our land and its restoration on the Peninsula
Dr. Rafael Payan, April 28, 2021
Dramatic climactic shifts affect the world in which we live and how we live in it. Join Dr. Rafael Payan as he addresses some of the ways the Monterey Peninsula Regional Park District is doing its part to restore lands to their former health and beauty as in the case of the former Rancho Canada Golf Course in Carmel.
2020
How the Bach Festival Began
David Gordon, December 9, 2020
Musician, Author, Historian David Gordon reveals the story of two visionaries, Dene Denny & Hazel Watrous who inspired art, music and theater as well as the Bach Festival in Carmel during the 1930’s.
Life & Times of Hayes Perkins: The Magic Carpet Man
David Laws, May 6, 2020
Join David Laws from the California Garden & Landscape History Society as he tells the amazing world-class story of the man who, after traveling the world, came to Pacific Grove and spent 14 years fulfilling his dream of creating the beautiful “Magic Carpet” cliffside garden of spectacular purple flowers. If you’ve always wondered how all that color ended up along that cliffside path you really need to hear this talk!
(Hosted by the Carmel Residents Association)
Life & Times of Jo Mora
Peter Hiller, March 25, 2020
Join Jo Mora Trust Collection Curator Peter Hiller as he shares stories and images of the colorful and creative life of Joseph Jacinto “Jo” Mora (1876-1947) including the tale of his horseback ride by Mission San Antonio in 1903 and his decorative additions to the Robert Stanton Auditorium.
(Video created by the Monterey County Agricultural & Rural Life Museum)
2018
Fight for Point Lobos
Kevin Shabram, February 7, 2018
During the 1920s, people who loved Point Lobos began to worry about its future. They feared the Point would be forever lost to development. These fears were not unfounded. This set up a ten year battle to acquire and preserve Point Lobos for the generations to come. Many well-known conservationists became involved in this project. But this is also the story of one woman who had been all but forgotten. Yet the impact of her work on the Reserve we know today cannot be understated.
2017
Chasing Water: The Carmel River
Ben Heinrich, October 11, 2017
Longtime local avid historian, Ben Heinrich has been fascinated with the Carmel River and how it impacted this region. Join Ben as he takes us through historic events, from the Esselen Indians, to the Spanish Discoveries and the more recent influence of Charles Crocker and S.F.B. Morse. “Chasing Water” looks at the Rio Carmelo, who controlled it and how it shaped the Monterey Peninsula.
Tales of Some Carmel Characters of Long Ago
Doug Schmitz, February 1, 2017
Join former City Administrator and avid local history researcher Doug Schmitz for some tales of Carmel-by-the-Sea, in City Hall and outside the walls!
2013
Henry Miller: Writer, Artist & Cultural Heart of Big Sur
Magnus Toren, April 30, 2013
Join Magnus Toren, Executive Director of the Henry Miller Memorial Library, for a talk on the history of the arts center championing the late writer, artist and Big Sur resident Henry Miller (1891-1980).
2012
The Story of the Carmel River
Ray March, May 7, 2012
Ray A. March, author of several books including “River in Ruin,” tells the story of the Carmel River, which is the primary water supply for the Monterey Peninsula and one of the top ten endangered rivers in North America.
The History of Salinas Valley: America’s Salad Bowl
Meg Clovis, February 12, 2012
2011
An Architect’s View of Carmel
Brian Congleton, March 28, 2011
Growing Up Nepenthe
Romney Steele, February 28, 2011
Romney Steele grew up at her family’s Nepenthe restaurant in Big Sur and wrote a book of memories and recipes from the landmark. She shares stories and photographs of her childhood in Big Sur and the evolution of Nepenthe.
In Search of Point Lobos
Kevin Shabram, February 1, 2011
Shabram, a long-time volunteer for the Point Lobos Association, shares his research on the fascinating past of Point Lobos.
An Architectural History of the Carmel Mission
Samuel L. Wright, Jr., January 31, 2011
Samuel Wright, past president of the Carmel Mission Foundation discusses, “An Architectural History of the Carmel Mission, 1770-2010,” tracing the development of the Mission, from its founding in 1770 by Junipero Serra, through its abandonment and partial destruction in the 1800s, to the 130 years of work on its reconstruction, restoration and preservation. As president of the Carmel Mission Foundation, Wright was at the forefront of helping with the latest restoration efforts, including refurbishing the bells in the tower above the basilica — about which he wrote his book, “The Bells of the Carmel Mission.”
2006
Happy Birthday, Frank Devendorf!
Jane Hohfeld Galante, March 20, 2006
Join the library in celebrating J. Frank Devendorf’s 150th birthday with a party and a lecture by his granddaughter, Jane Hohfeld Galante from San Francisco. She will tell the story of Devendorf’s life — both personal and professional — and how he became an important part of California history and instrumental in the development of early Carmel.
2005
Early Neighborhoods: Carmel’s Tortilla Flats
John Logan, March 21, 2005
‘Tortilla Flats’ in Carmel? Yes, and now you can learn all about this unique part of Carmel’s history from longtime resident and consulting geologist John Logan. As the village of Carmel began to grow in the 1890s, lots were sold, and homes and businesses were built. To fill the labor needs, Native American and Mexican workers moved to the area with their families and established two adjoining communities in northeastern Carmel, which came to be known as Tortilla Flats. By the time Carmel was incorporated in 1916, there were approximately a dozen residences in each community. The lecture will focus on the building styles and way of life of the residents in these two communities.
“Anne Hadden: First Librarian and Big Sur Pioneer”
Denise Sallee, February 28, 2005
Anne Hadden (1874-1963) was appointed the first librarian for Monterey County in 1913. This lecture presents the beginnings of the Monterey County Free Library system through the efforts of its first librarian. Hadden established branches throughout Monterey County and brought library service to the Big Sur region, and facilitated communication and the spread of information between the scattered residents of the area.
Hannah is My Name
Belle Yang, January 24, 2005
Carmel resident, Belle Yang is the author and illustrator of two well-known books depicting her father’s life in China: ‘Baba: A Return to China Upon My Father’s Shoulders,’ and ‘The Odyssey of a Manchurian.’ Her latest book, ‘Hannah Is My Name,’ is a richly illustrated children’s book. Authoring and illustrating a book takes an usual talent, but as she says, ‘The Chineses language is very visual–I never really separated worms from pictures.’ Having studied both Western and Chinese art, Belle’s paintings perceptively capture the traditions of both worlds, and her writing is as rich as the lives of those about whom she writes. This lecture will focus on Belle’s process of creating a final published work that combines her skills both as illustrator and author.
2004
Santiago Duckworth and the Catholic Resort
Brother Larry Scrivani, April 26, 2004
This lecture presents the story of Santiago Duckworth, the first visionary of Carmel-by-the-Sea. Duckworth was an early Monterey businessman, realtor, and investor. In 1888, he bought rights to develop the Carmel area, filed a subdivision map and started selling lots. Though it took until 1916 for the town to be incorporated, Duckworth helped shape the early development of the Carmel area, bringing the first major developers and builders to Carmel (Abbie Hunter and Delos Goldsmith), and attracting some of the first residents.
Anne Nash and Dorothy Bassett
Lani Fremier, February 23, 2004
Learn about Carmel’s early history from the diaries of Anne Nash. In 1921, she built a home in Carmel along with her friend Dorothy Bassett. The diaries document the women’s struggle to support themselves and build a life in the community. Longtime Carmel resident Lani Fremier will share from the diaries and give us an insight into bygone days.”
2003
A Daughter of the Sur
Linda Grant, April 28, 2003
Linda Grant, who is from the Bay Area, will share her experiences as a transplanted urban child living in the wilds of Big Sur during the late 1940s and early 1950s in a cottage at cliff’s edge. (That was prior to the introduction of telephones and electricity to the South Coast.)
Who Put the ‘B’ in Bohemians? Monterey Peninsula Artists from Tavernier to Ariss
Kent Seavey, March 31, 2003
The mild climate, beautiful environment and easy lifestyle of the Monterey Peninsula drew artists to its shores from the very early days of settlement. Enjoy art historian Kent Seavey lecture on these important and colorful characters that established the Monterey area as a mecca for artistic freedom of expression.
2002
Inhuman or Unhuman: Wilderness and Civilization in the Carmel Poems of Robinson Jeffers
Dr. Adrielle Mitchell, February 25, 2002
Dr. Mitchell’s talk will focus on Robinson Jeffers’ relationship to the Carmel and Big Sur areas, touching briefly on his attraction to the place where rock meets sea, and concentrating on the ways in which he uses natural symbolism to explore the ‘unhuman.’ She will also consider the charge of misanthropy that was frequently directed at Jeffers. Dr. Mitchell is a former lecturer in Literature and Writing at UCSC and is currently Assistant Professor of English at Nazareth College in New York.
2001
Charles Sumner Greene: Art, Architecture and the Creative Spirit
Edward Bosley, April 30, 2001
The Greenes were important California architects in the beginning of the 20th century, designing numerous famous residential buildings, including the Gamble House in Pasadena, CA. The brothers were an important part of the Arts and Crafts movement and had a lasting impact on California architecture. Edward Bosley goes into detail of their early years, their training as architects, the evolution of their style, and their eventual retirement.
A Literary Lady: Ella Reid Harrison and Her Legacy
Cecil Wahle, February 26, 2001
What does a person’s book collection reveal about them, specifically if that person lived at the turn of the last century? Cecil Wahle, well-known antiquarian book dealer, will discuss the book collection owned by Ella Reid Harrison. Mrs. Harrison, who in 1922, bequeathed to the City of Carmel-by-the-Sea land and money to build our beloved Harrison Memorial Library in memory of her husband Judge Ralph Chandler Harrison. Mrs. Harrison’s donation of books forms an important part of the library’s special collections and helps shed light on this generous and cultured woman.
Donald Teague – Watercolorist
Linda Teague Biro, January 29, 2001
An artist whose “entire life has been devoted to excellence, first as a human being and second as an artist,” according to Jack Lestrade, will be the subject of a lecture on Donald Teague. Linda Biro will share memories of her father who died in 1991. Teague, a well-known Carmel artist, was awarded many credits and exhibited extensively.
2000
Era of the Del Monte Express
Elmer Lagorio, May 15, 2000
At last the West Coast is becoming civilized,’ said a San Francisco writer in 1889 about the Del Monte Limited (later called the Del Monte Express), a sleek new train that ran between San Francisco and Monterey, carrying with it the promise of a huge economic boom based on recreation and tourism. While the boom has lasted, the train is now a thing of distant memory. Elmer Lagorio, historian, archivist and writer, will help us relive the excitement of those early train trips.
Carmel School Days in the 1950s and 1960s
Rick Wilkerson, February 25, 2000
When the closing bell at Sunset School rang in the afternoon in the 1950s and ’60s, Carmel became a village full of children. They played in Devendorf Park, patronized the local grocery stores and dairies, and slowly wended their way home, stopping to chat with each other and with the merchants along the way. Rick Wilkerson, one of those children, will share his memories of those golden, uncomplicated times.
Eighty Years of Friends in Carmel
Marcia DeVoe, January 24, 2000
Carmel’s backbone — our village’s doctors, merchants, bankers and teachers — have kept us going for nearly 100 years. As children, they attended Sunset School or River School. Their children attended those same schools. The teacher for both generations was often Marcia DeVoe. Join her for a fond look at some of the 2,000 students she taught, students who, as adults, became Carmel’s quiet leaders and Marcia’s good friends.
1999
Cole Weston: My Life and Times in Carmel
Cole Weston, May 24, 1999
Weston, an internationally known photographer, came to his art naturally. Son of famed lensman Edward Weston, Cole grew up and went to school in Carmel and Monterey, then studied drama at the Cornish School of Theater in Seattle. Cole assisted his father in his upstairs Ocean Avenue studio darkroom for many years and began his own career as a fine art color photographer. He drew from his theater background as the first director of Sunset Cultural Center, and was frequent director of plays and musicals at Carmel’s Forest Theater.
Nora May French: Her Life and Poetry
Cynthia Medeiros, January 22, 1999
Lecture on the subject of poet Nora May French, a San Francisco bohemian, a Californian poet, and early member of the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club, a group which helped establish Carmel as artist colony. This presentation delves into French’s poetry and tells the story of a lesser known figure of California’s literary and artistic history.
1998
Carmel in 1934
Richard Criley, June 1, 1998
Everyone knew everyone else, all the residents participated in everything that was going on, from the plays at Forest Theater and the Golden Bough to the debates about paving Ocean Avenue. That was Carmel in its early years, according to Richard Criley. But, he says, something happened in 1934 that made people realize that there might be trouble boiling below the surface. Criley, who grew up in the Highlands and was an active participant in the happenings of 1934, will take us back to those surprising times. The recipient of a number of awards for his passionate, life-long defense of civil liberty, Criley is the author of “The FBI v. the First Amendment,” published in 1991.
1997
Enduring Vision: The Carmel Art Association Celebrates 70 Years
Harleigh Knott and Bill Stone, April 28, 1997
Happy Birthday, Carmel Art Association, will be the sentiment expressed in this talk. Harleigh Knott, daughter of A. Harold Knott, one of the founders of the Carmel Art Association, and Bill Stone, its current president, offer an historical and anecdotal look at Carmel since the beginning of the Association in 1927 until now. During these 70 years, some of California’s finest artists have been members of this remarkable institution.
‘Themes in My Poems’ by Robinson Jeffers
Cecil Wahle, March 31, 1997
When “Themes in My Poems” by Robinson Jeffers was published by The Book Club of California in 1956, it was lauded as a work for “all lovers of poetry…who wish to understand the man behind the poems.” Jeffers had delivered “Themes in My Poems” as a lecture in 1941 at the Library of Congress, at Harvard and elsewhere in the East. Fortunately, the manuscript was saved and printed. Cecil Wahle, a dealer in rare books and literary enthusiast, will share Jeffers’ remarkable words with us.
Carmel’s Early Journalism: W. K. Bassett & the Carmel Cymbal
John Bassett McCleary , February 24, 1997
“The residents who came for peace have turned again to flee; The abalones near the shore are moving out to sea,” wrote W.K. Bassett in 1935 when he sold his newspaper, the Carmel Cymbal, and left the area for the last time. A staunch foe of development and what he called “tourist ballyhoo,” Bassett ran the Carmel Cymbal, which was called “a clangorous weekly” with a “fire and brimstone editorial flavor,” from 1926 to 1927 and again in the 1930s and 1940s. His son, John McCleary [Bassett], will offer a glimpse of the turbulent life of this unusual man.
1996
A Walk in Carmel in the 1940s
Alys Bliesner, Allene (Lani) Fremier, Buzz Knight, May 20, 1996
In an era and age when all of life was an adventure, something so simple as a walk to school became full of thrills and laughter. In the 1940s, places like Decker’s Market, Knapp’s Cabinet Shop, and the Smoke House (especially the Smoke House) contained exotic possibilities for children. Join Alys, Allene, and Buzz, the children of Allen and Adele Knight, as they take you on a stroll into a world that no longer exists. You may meet some of Carmel’s more colorful characters, including Allen Knight himself.
Noel Sullivan: A Soul for All Seasons
Alice Mahoney, April 29, 1996
People often ask, ‘who is that man?’ as they pause to admire a large portrait in the library of Robinson Jeffers’ Tor House. It is a painting of a man with kind eyes and aristocratic features, and as the docent may explain about the subject — Noel Sullivan — he was a man of talent and generosity from a family of wealth and influence. He sang in the Carmel Bach Festival and was an unstinting supporter of artists and their art. His home in Carmel Valley, Hollow Hills, was mentioned time and again in the 1930s and 1940s Pine Cones as the destination for such luminaries as Cole Porter, Charlie Chaplin, and Langston Hughes. Noel Sullivan’s niece, Alice D. Mahoney, will share her memories of this extraordinary man.
The Carmel I Knew, 1934-1935
Nancy Stilwell Easterbrook, February 26, 1996
What was Carmel like in 1934 and 1935? Nancy Stilwell Easterbrook will offer a glimpse of Carmel in the days when the population numbered just 3,000; when Highway One still was being constructed; and when nearly everyone in town turned out for the carnival and fair at Forest Theater over the Labor Day weekend. The Stilwell family’s stay in Carmel was brief, interrupted when her father — General Joseph “Vinegar Joe” Stilwell — was appointed military attache to China and Siam and the family moved to Peking. Their house at Carmel Point became “home” again just after World War II, but by that time, life in Carmel had changed.
Julia Morgan Today
Sara Holmes Boutelle, January 29, 1996
Julia Morgan was an important California architect of the early 20th century. She designed more than 700 buildings over her career, including Hearst Castle, buildings on the UC Berkeley campus, the Asilomar conference grounds, as well as commercial buildings and residences all around the Bay Area. She was part of the Arts and Crafts movement, and helped shape the face of California architecture.
1990-1995
She Had it All: Jane Gallatin Powers
Erin Gafill, February 28, 1994
Erin Gafill will speak on the life and times of her great-great-grandmother Jane Gallatin Powers, who was born into wealth and privilege in 1868. As a co-founder of the Carmel Arts and Crafts Club, member of the Carmel Art Association and participant in establishing the Local Red Cross chapter, Jane helped created Carmel. Her husband Frank [Powers], along with Franklin Devendorf, formed the Carmel Development Company in 1902. The Powers’ home, an old log cabin just off Carmel Beach, was constantly filled with visiting San Francisco writers and artists, some of whom later settled in Carmel.
Carmel in the 1920s and 1930s
Richard Criley, August 27, 1991
Author and Carmelite Richard Criley, who grew up in the Carmel Highlands, shares stories of the early days in Carmel, including his memories of Sunset School and the social unrest of 1934. The recipient of a number of awards for his passionate, life-long defense of civil liberty, Criley is the author of “The FBI v. the First Amendment,” published in 1991.